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A study reveals our unconscious bias towards the use of artificial intelligence as author of artworks

The results of a neuroaesthetic study conducted at the ArtVerona art fair have been published, the result of a collaboration between BrainSigns, in particular Prof. Fabio Babiloni and Dr. Giulia Cartocci, and the collective of artists and researchers Numero Cromatico, especially involving Dr. Dionigi Mattia Gagliardi, Dr. Salvatore Gaetano Chiarella and Dr. Giulia Torromino. The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of knowledge that a work was created by a human artist rather than an Artificial Intelligence (AI) in an ecological context.

In fact, ArtVerona involved 25000 visitors, of which about 3000 visited the studio stand and 150 visitors took part in the research. Two unpublished abstract paintings were used (D.M. Gagliardi 2015), declaring them to the participants alternatively as produced by "human" or "AI".

Participants who saw both paintings declared as less pleasant the painting whose author was believed to be AI after seeing the one believed to be produced by humans. This showed that we are in fact influenced by the author's knowledge of a work, and that our judgement is more negative for works that we think are the product of an AI. This is an important fact in light of the rise of creative and intelligent technologies, many of which are capable of producing original artworks. The interdisciplinary approach between art and neuroscience, therefore, can not only provide new keys to understanding the concept of authorship, but also open new scenarios on the creation and use of artwork.

The study, partly supported by the Great University Project 2021 'The artificial intelligence and us: how we react, how we can live together' obtained by Prof. Fabio Babiloni and colleagues, is the result of the first collaboration between BrainSigns and Numero Cromatico.

The two groups are carrying out further research, including a study within the SUPERSTIMOLO exhibition of Numero Cromatico at the MAXXI Museum in Rome, where it was also possible to consider brain reaction using the Mindtooth system, developed with EU funds and already used recently in the NeuroDante project, led by Prof. Fabio Babiloni's team with manager Dr. Cartocci.

To learn more about the article, you can read and download it on the website of the Computers in Human Behavior magazine.

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The NeuroDante project presented to the President of the Republic

On 17 June at the Library of the Accademia dei Lincei, the NeuroDante project of the Sapienza University was illustrated to the President of the Republic. The project, realised by BrainSigns using the Mindtooth system, was described by Prof. Fabio Babiloni and Dr. Giulia Cartocci, from the Department of Molecular Medicine at Sapienza University of Rome.

In particular, the Mindtooth system, developed by BrainSigns with the European Commission funding over the last two years, has measured the degree of emotional and cognitive involvement of two hundred visitors to the exhibition "The Reception of the Comedy" while reading and listening to the Divine Comedy at the Library of the Accademia dei Lincei, during three continuous months of experimentation.

Future developments of these studies aim to extend the application of Mindtooth technology, so far validated in experiments on pilots and flight controllers, also in real-time measurement of the efficiency of cooperation between crew members in upcoming space missions on the orbital station. A first use of the Mindtooth system in space is planned for December 2022 in Virgin Galactic's suborbital flight conducted by the Air Force in collaboration with Sapienza.

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The NeuroDante project at the Accademia dei Lincei

The NeuroDante project, led by the team of Prof. Fabio Babiloni of the Sapienza University of Rome in collaboration with BrainSigns, is reported by Rai Cultura.

The report features the President of the Accademia dei Lincei Prof. Roberto Antonelli, the Minister of Education Patrizio Bianchi and Dr Giulia Cartocci, a researcher at the Sapienza University of Rome.

This project is being carried out as part of the exhibition "The Reception of the Comedy from Manuscripts to the Media" at the Library of the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome and it studies the cognitive and emotional activity during the fruition of passages and images related to the Divine Comedy.

For the acquisition of biometric data and the measurement of cognitive states, the research uses the Mindtooth system developed by BrainSigns as part of a European Fast Track to Innovation project.

The NeuroDante project includes several experimental stations: through 'emozIonDAnte' and 'Dante everGreen', respectively, the degree of acceptance of artificial intelligence in the creation of literary texts and the objective concern for the environment and sustainable consumption are measured. Through the 'TramanDante' station, on the other hand, the neural correlates of the individual and possible synergy between reading and video enjoyment are studied, aiming to identify the best ways of learning a literary text.

The activities also make use of the collaboration of actress Lucilla Giagnoni, who interpreted the dantesque passages used in the study.

Those interested can participate at the Library of the Accademia dei Lincei, Via della Lungara 10, Rome:

  • EmozIonDAnte and Dante everGreen until 25 June 2022 every Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday, from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m.
  • TramanDante on 24,25 and 27 May 2022 between 10 a.m. and 6 p.m. by appointment at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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BrainSigns for a Neuroaesthetics research at MAXXI- National Museum of XXI Century Arts

BrainSigns together with Numero Cromatico, a collective of artists and neuroscientists, is conducting a new research of Neuroaesthetics within the exhibition "SUPERSTIMOLO" at MAXXI- National Museum of XXI Century Arts until 8 May 2022.

Inside the museum, a project room has been created to show the public a particular approach to artistic research. The objective is to create an immersive and introspective space, an environment built to trigger an intense reaction in the user and to outline a new way of coexistence between human beings, artificial intelligences and apparently opposing elements, trying to unravel the idea of distance and diversity.

The research seeks to corrobate the hypothesis that art itself can be defined as something that activates the visitor in more complex and diversified ways with respect to the normal. The project will investigate the emotional and cognitive response of users during the viewing of artworks. Visitors' instinctive responses have already been recorded in collaboration with BrainSigns using the Revive headset, winner of the 2021 ADI Design Index Innovation Award.

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